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Windows only: Added cmake binaries to the repository in order to minimize dependencies.
2010-02-04 15:47:10 +00:00
cmake version 2.8.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Introduction
cmake-commands - Reference of available CMake commands.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commands
add_custom_command
Add a custom build rule to the generated build system.
There are two main signatures for add_custom_command The first
signature is for adding a custom command to produce an output.
add_custom_command(OUTPUT output1 [output2 ...]
COMMAND command1 [ARGS] [args1...]
[COMMAND command2 [ARGS] [args2...] ...]
[MAIN_DEPENDENCY depend]
[DEPENDS [depends...]]
[IMPLICIT_DEPENDS <lang1> depend1 ...]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM] [APPEND])
This defines a command to generate specified OUTPUT file(s). A target
created in the same directory (CMakeLists.txt file) that specifies any
output of the custom command as a source file is given a rule to
generate the file using the command at build time. If an output name
is a relative path it will be interpreted relative to the build tree
directory corresponding to the current source directory. Note that
MAIN_DEPENDENCY is completely optional and is used as a suggestion to
visual studio about where to hang the custom command. In makefile
terms this creates a new target in the following form:
OUTPUT: MAIN_DEPENDENCY DEPENDS
COMMAND
If more than one command is specified they will be executed in order.
The optional ARGS argument is for backward compatibility and will be
ignored.
The second signature adds a custom command to a target such as a
library or executable. This is useful for performing an operation
before or after building the target. The command becomes part of the
target and will only execute when the target itself is built. If the
target is already built, the command will not execute.
add_custom_command(TARGET target
PRE_BUILD | PRE_LINK | POST_BUILD
COMMAND command1 [ARGS] [args1...]
[COMMAND command2 [ARGS] [args2...] ...]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM])
This defines a new command that will be associated with building the
specified target. When the command will happen is determined by which
of the following is specified:
PRE_BUILD - run before all other dependencies
PRE_LINK - run after other dependencies
POST_BUILD - run after the target has been built
Note that the PRE_BUILD option is only supported on Visual Studio 7 or
later. For all other generators PRE_BUILD will be treated as
PRE_LINK.
If WORKING_DIRECTORY is specified the command will be executed in the
directory given. If COMMENT is set, the value will be displayed as a
message before the commands are executed at build time. If APPEND is
specified the COMMAND and DEPENDS option values are appended to the
custom command for the first output specified. There must have
already been a previous call to this command with the same output.
The COMMENT, WORKING_DIRECTORY, and MAIN_DEPENDENCY options are
currently ignored when APPEND is given, but may be used in the future.
If VERBATIM is given then all arguments to the commands will be
escaped properly for the build tool so that the invoked command
receives each argument unchanged. Note that one level of escapes is
still used by the CMake language processor before add_custom_command
even sees the arguments. Use of VERBATIM is recommended as it enables
correct behavior. When VERBATIM is not given the behavior is platform
specific because there is no protection of tool-specific special
characters.
If the output of the custom command is not actually created as a file
on disk it should be marked as SYMBOLIC with
SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES.
The IMPLICIT_DEPENDS option requests scanning of implicit dependencies
of an input file. The language given specifies the programming
language whose corresponding dependency scanner should be used.
Currently only C and CXX language scanners are supported.
Dependencies discovered from the scanning are added to those of the
custom command at build time. Note that the IMPLICIT_DEPENDS option
is currently supported only for Makefile generators and will be
ignored by other generators.
If COMMAND specifies an executable target (created by ADD_EXECUTABLE)
it will automatically be replaced by the location of the executable
created at build time. Additionally a target-level dependency will be
added so that the executable target will be built before any target
using this custom command. However this does NOT add a file-level
dependency that would cause the custom command to re-run whenever the
executable is recompiled.
The DEPENDS option specifies files on which the command depends. If
any dependency is an OUTPUT of another custom command in the same
directory (CMakeLists.txt file) CMake automatically brings the other
custom command into the target in which this command is built. If
DEPENDS specifies any target (created by an ADD_* command) a
target-level dependency is created to make sure the target is built
before any target using this custom command. Additionally, if the
target is an executable or library a file-level dependency is created
to cause the custom command to re-run whenever the target is
recompiled.
add_custom_target
Add a target with no output so it will always be built.
add_custom_target(Name [ALL] [command1 [args1...]]
[COMMAND command2 [args2...] ...]
[DEPENDS depend depend depend ... ]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY dir]
[COMMENT comment] [VERBATIM]
[SOURCES src1 [src2...]])
Adds a target with the given name that executes the given commands.
The target has no output file and is ALWAYS CONSIDERED OUT OF DATE
even if the commands try to create a file with the name of the target.
Use ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND to generate a file with dependencies. By
default nothing depends on the custom target. Use ADD_DEPENDENCIES to
add dependencies to or from other targets. If the ALL option is
specified it indicates that this target should be added to the default
build target so that it will be run every time (the command cannot be
called ALL). The command and arguments are optional and if not
specified an empty target will be created. If WORKING_DIRECTORY is
set, then the command will be run in that directory. If COMMENT is
set, the value will be displayed as a message before the commands are
executed at build time. Dependencies listed with the DEPENDS argument
may reference files and outputs of custom commands created with
add_custom_command() in the same directory (CMakeLists.txt file).
If VERBATIM is given then all arguments to the commands will be
escaped properly for the build tool so that the invoked command
receives each argument unchanged. Note that one level of escapes is
still used by the CMake language processor before add_custom_target
even sees the arguments. Use of VERBATIM is recommended as it enables
correct behavior. When VERBATIM is not given the behavior is platform
specific because there is no protection of tool-specific special
characters.
The SOURCES option specifies additional source files to be included in
the custom target. Specified source files will be added to IDE
project files for convenience in editing even if they have not build
rules.
add_definitions
Adds -D define flags to the compilation of source files.
add_definitions(-DFOO -DBAR ...)
Adds flags to the compiler command line for sources in the current
directory and below. This command can be used to add any flags, but
it was originally intended to add preprocessor definitions. Flags
beginning in -D or /D that look like preprocessor definitions are
automatically added to the COMPILE_DEFINITIONS property for the
current directory. Definitions with non-trival values may be left in
the set of flags instead of being converted for reasons of backwards
compatibility. See documentation of the directory, target, and source
file COMPILE_DEFINITIONS properties for details on adding preprocessor
definitions to specific scopes and configurations.
add_dependencies
Add a dependency between top-level targets.
add_dependencies(target-name depend-target1
depend-target2 ...)
Make a top-level target depend on other top-level targets. A
top-level target is one created by ADD_EXECUTABLE, ADD_LIBRARY, or
ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET. Adding dependencies with this command can be used
to make sure one target is built before another target. See the
DEPENDS option of ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET and ADD_CUSTOM_COMMAND for adding
file-level dependencies in custom rules. See the OBJECT_DEPENDS
option in SET_SOURCE_FILES_PROPERTIES to add file-level dependencies
to object files.
add_executable
Add an executable to the project using the specified source files.
add_executable(<name> [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 source2 ... sourceN)
Adds an executable target called <name> to be built from the source
files listed in the command invocation. The <name> corresponds to the
logical target name and must be globally unique within a project. The
actual file name of the executable built is constructed based on
conventions of the native platform (such as <name>.exe or just
<name>).
By default the executable file will be created in the build tree
directory corresponding to the source tree directory in which the
command was invoked. See documentation of the
RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY target property to change this location. See
documentation of the OUTPUT_NAME target property to change the <name>
part of the final file name.
If WIN32 is given the property WIN32_EXECUTABLE will be set on the
target created. See documentation of that target property for
details.
If MACOSX_BUNDLE is given the corresponding property will be set on
the created target. See documentation of the MACOSX_BUNDLE target
property for details.
If EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL is given the corresponding property will be set on
the created target. See documentation of the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL target
property for details.
The add_executable command can also create IMPORTED executable targets
using this signature:
add_executable(<name> IMPORTED)
An IMPORTED executable target references an executable file located
outside the project. No rules are generated to build it. The target
name has scope in the directory in which it is created and below. It
may be referenced like any target built within the project. IMPORTED
executables are useful for convenient reference from commands like
add_custom_command. Details about the imported executable are
specified by setting properties whose names begin in "IMPORTED_". The
most important such property is IMPORTED_LOCATION (and its
per-configuration version IMPORTED_LOCATION_<CONFIG>) which specifies
the location of the main executable file on disk. See documentation
of the IMPORTED_* properties for more information.
add_library
Add a library to the project using the specified source files.
add_library(<name> [STATIC | SHARED | MODULE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 source2 ... sourceN)
Adds a library target called <name> to be built from the source files
listed in the command invocation. The <name> corresponds to the
logical target name and must be globally unique within a project. The
actual file name of the library built is constructed based on
conventions of the native platform (such as lib<name>.a or
<name>.lib).
STATIC, SHARED, or MODULE may be given to specify the type of library
to be created. STATIC libraries are archives of object files for use
when linking other targets. SHARED libraries are linked dynamically
and loaded at runtime. MODULE libraries are plugins that are not
linked into other targets but may be loaded dynamically at runtime
using dlopen-like functionality. If no type is given explicitly the
type is STATIC or SHARED based on whether the current value of the
variable BUILD_SHARED_LIBS is true.
By default the library file will be created in the build tree
directory corresponding to the source tree directory in which the
command was invoked. See documentation of the
ARCHIVE_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY, LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY, and
RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY target properties to change this location.
See documentation of the OUTPUT_NAME target property to change the
<name> part of the final file name.
If EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL is given the corresponding property will be set on
the created target. See documentation of the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL target
property for details.
The add_library command can also create IMPORTED library targets using
this signature:
add_library(<name> <SHARED|STATIC|MODULE|UNKNOWN> IMPORTED)
An IMPORTED library target references a library file located outside
the project. No rules are generated to build it. The target name has
scope in the directory in which it is created and below. It may be
referenced like any target built within the project. IMPORTED
libraries are useful for convenient reference from commands like
target_link_libraries. Details about the imported library are
specified by setting properties whose names begin in "IMPORTED_". The
most important such property is IMPORTED_LOCATION (and its
per-configuration version IMPORTED_LOCATION_<CONFIG>) which specifies
the location of the main library file on disk. See documentation of
the IMPORTED_* properties for more information.
add_subdirectory
Add a subdirectory to the build.
add_subdirectory(source_dir [binary_dir]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL])
Add a subdirectory to the build. The source_dir specifies the
directory in which the source CmakeLists.txt and code files are
located. If it is a relative path it will be evaluated with respect
to the current directory (the typical usage), but it may also be an
absolute path. The binary_dir specifies the directory in which to
place the output files. If it is a relative path it will be evaluated
with respect to the current output directory, but it may also be an
absolute path. If binary_dir is not specified, the value of
source_dir, before expanding any relative path, will be used (the
typical usage). The CMakeLists.txt file in the specified source
directory will be processed immediately by CMake before processing in
the current input file continues beyond this command.
If the EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL argument is provided then targets in the
subdirectory will not be included in the ALL target of the parent
directory by default, and will be excluded from IDE project files.
Users must explicitly build targets in the subdirectory. This is
meant for use when the subdirectory contains a separate part of the
project that is useful but not necessary, such as a set of examples.
Typically the subdirectory should contain its own project() command
invocation so that a full build system will be generated in the
subdirectory (such as a VS IDE solution file). Note that inter-target
dependencies supercede this exclusion. If a target built by the
parent project depends on a target in the subdirectory, the dependee
target will be included in the parent project build system to satisfy
the dependency.
add_test
Add a test to the project with the specified arguments.
add_test(testname Exename arg1 arg2 ...)
If the ENABLE_TESTING command has been run, this command adds a test
target to the current directory. If ENABLE_TESTING has not been run,
this command does nothing. The tests are run by the testing subsystem
by executing Exename with the specified arguments. Exename can be
either an executable built by this project or an arbitrary executable
on the system (like tclsh). The test will be run with the current
working directory set to the CMakeList.txt files corresponding
directory in the binary tree.
add_test(NAME <name> [CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
COMMAND <command> [arg1 [arg2 ...]])
If COMMAND specifies an executable target (created by add_executable)
it will automatically be replaced by the location of the executable
created at build time. If a CONFIGURATIONS option is given then the
test will be executed only when testing under one of the named
configurations.
Arguments after COMMAND may use "generator expressions" with the
syntax "$<...>". These expressions are evaluted during build system
generation and produce information specific to each generated build
configuration. Valid expressions are:
$<CONFIGURATION> = configuration name
$<TARGET_FILE:tgt> = main file (.exe, .so.1.2, .a)
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE:tgt> = file used to link (.a, .lib, .so)
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE:tgt> = file with soname (.so.3)
where "tgt" is the name of a target. Target file expressions produce
a full path, but _DIR and _NAME versions can produce the directory and
file name components:
$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_LINKER_FILE_NAME:tgt>
$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_DIR:tgt>/$<TARGET_SONAME_FILE_NAME:tgt>
Example usage:
add_test(NAME mytest
COMMAND testDriver --config $<CONFIGURATION>
--exe $<TARGET_FILE:myexe>)
This creates a test "mytest" whose command runs a testDriver tool
passing the configuration name and the full path to the executable
file produced by target "myexe".
aux_source_directory
Find all source files in a directory.
aux_source_directory(<dir> <variable>)
Collects the names of all the source files in the specified directory
and stores the list in the <variable> provided. This command is
intended to be used by projects that use explicit template
instantiation. Template instantiation files can be stored in a
"Templates" subdirectory and collected automatically using this
command to avoid manually listing all instantiations.
It is tempting to use this command to avoid writing the list of source
files for a library or executable target. While this seems to work,
there is no way for CMake to generate a build system that knows when a
new source file has been added. Normally the generated build system
knows when it needs to rerun CMake because the CMakeLists.txt file is
modified to add a new source. When the source is just added to the
directory without modifying this file, one would have to manually
rerun CMake to generate a build system incorporating the new file.
break
Break from an enclosing foreach or while loop.
break()
Breaks from an enclosing foreach loop or while loop
build_command
Get the command line that will build this project.
build_command(<variable> <makecommand>)
Sets the given <variable> to a string containing the command that will
build this project from the root of the build tree using the build
tool given by <makecommand>. <makecommand> should be msdev, nmake,
make or one of the end user build tools. This is useful for
configuring testing systems.
cmake_minimum_required
Set the minimum required version of cmake for a project.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION major[.minor[.patch]]
[FATAL_ERROR])
If the current version of CMake is lower than that required it will
stop processing the project and report an error. When a version
higher than 2.4 is specified the command implicitly invokes
cmake_policy(VERSION major[.minor[.patch]])
which sets the cmake policy version level to the version specified.
When version 2.4 or lower is given the command implicitly invokes
cmake_policy(VERSION 2.4)
which enables compatibility features for CMake 2.4 and lower.
The FATAL_ERROR option is accepted but ignored by CMake 2.6 and
higher. It should be specified so CMake versions 2.4 and lower fail
with an error instead of just a warning.
cmake_policy
Manage CMake Policy settings.
As CMake evolves it is sometimes necessary to change existing behavior
in order to fix bugs or improve implementations of existing features.
The CMake Policy mechanism is designed to help keep existing projects
building as new versions of CMake introduce changes in behavior. Each
new policy (behavioral change) is given an identifier of the form
"CMP<NNNN>" where "<NNNN>" is an integer index. Documentation
associated with each policy describes the OLD and NEW behavior and the
reason the policy was introduced. Projects may set each policy to
select the desired behavior. When CMake needs to know which behavior
to use it checks for a setting specified by the project. If no
setting is available the OLD behavior is assumed and a warning is
produced requesting that the policy be set.
The cmake_policy command is used to set policies to OLD or NEW
behavior. While setting policies individually is supported, we
encourage projects to set policies based on CMake versions.
cmake_policy(VERSION major.minor[.patch])
Specify that the current CMake list file is written for the given
version of CMake. All policies introduced in the specified version or
earlier will be set to use NEW behavior. All policies introduced
after the specified version will be unset. This effectively requests
behavior preferred as of a given CMake version and tells newer CMake
versions to warn about their new policies. The policy version
specified must be at least 2.4 or the command will report an error.
In order to get compatibility features supporting versions earlier
than 2.4 see documentation of policy CMP0001.
cmake_policy(SET CMP<NNNN> NEW)
cmake_policy(SET CMP<NNNN> OLD)
Tell CMake to use the OLD or NEW behavior for a given policy.
Projects depending on the old behavior of a given policy may silence a
policy warning by setting the policy state to OLD. Alternatively one
may fix the project to work with the new behavior and set the policy
state to NEW.
cmake_policy(GET CMP<NNNN> <variable>)
Check whether a given policy is set to OLD or NEW behavior. The
output variable value will be "OLD" or "NEW" if the policy is set, and
empty otherwise.
CMake keeps policy settings on a stack, so changes made by the
cmake_policy command affect only the top of the stack. A new entry on
the policy stack is managed automatically for each subdirectory to
protect its parents and siblings. CMake also manages a new entry for
scripts loaded by include() and find_package() commands except when
invoked with the NO_POLICY_SCOPE option (see also policy CMP0011).
The cmake_policy command provides an interface to manage custom
entries on the policy stack:
cmake_policy(PUSH)
cmake_policy(POP)
Each PUSH must have a matching POP to erase any changes. This is
useful to make temporary changes to policy settings.
Functions and macros record policy settings when they are created and
use the pre-record policies when they are invoked. If the function or
macro implementation sets policies, the changes automatically
propagate up through callers until they reach the closest nested
policy stack entry.
configure_file
Copy a file to another location and modify its contents.
configure_file(<input> <output>
[COPYONLY] [ESCAPE_QUOTES] [@ONLY])
Copies a file <input> to file <output> and substitutes variable values
referenced in the file content. If <input> is a relative path it is
evaluated with respect to the current source directory. The <input>
must be a file, not a directory. If <output> is a relative path it is
evaluated with respect to the current binary directory. If <output>
names an existing directory the input file is placed in that directory
with its original name.
This command replaces any variables in the input file referenced as
${VAR} or @VAR@ with their values as determined by CMake. If a
variable is not defined, it will be replaced with nothing. If
COPYONLY is specified, then no variable expansion will take place. If
ESCAPE_QUOTES is specified then any substituted quotes will be C-style
escaped. The file will be configured with the current values of CMake
variables. If @ONLY is specified, only variables of the form @VAR@
will be replaces and ${VAR} will be ignored. This is useful for
configuring scripts that use ${VAR}. Any occurrences of #cmakedefine
VAR will be replaced with either #define VAR or /* #undef VAR */
depending on the setting of VAR in CMake. Any occurrences of
#cmakedefine01 VAR will be replaced with either #define VAR 1 or
#define VAR 0 depending on whether VAR evaluates to TRUE or FALSE in
CMake
create_test_sourcelist
Create a test driver and source list for building test programs.
create_test_sourcelist(sourceListName driverName
test1 test2 test3
EXTRA_INCLUDE include.h
FUNCTION function)
A test driver is a program that links together many small tests into a
single executable. This is useful when building static executables
with large libraries to shrink the total required size. The list of
source files needed to build the test driver will be in
sourceListName. DriverName is the name of the test driver program.
The rest of the arguments consist of a list of test source files, can
be semicolon separated. Each test source file should have a function
in it that is the same name as the file with no extension (foo.cxx
should have int foo(int, char*[]);) DriverName will be able to call
each of the tests by name on the command line. If EXTRA_INCLUDE is
specified, then the next argument is included into the generated file.
If FUNCTION is specified, then the next argument is taken as a
function name that is passed a pointer to ac and av. This can be used
to add extra command line processing to each test. The cmake variable
CMAKE_TESTDRIVER_BEFORE_TESTMAIN can be set to have code that will be
placed directly before calling the test main function.
CMAKE_TESTDRIVER_AFTER_TESTMAIN can be set to have code that will be
placed directly after the call to the test main function.
define_property
Define and document custom properties.
define_property(<GLOBAL | DIRECTORY | TARGET | SOURCE |
TEST | VARIABLE | CACHED_VARIABLE>
PROPERTY <name> [INHERITED]
BRIEF_DOCS <brief-doc> [docs...]
FULL_DOCS <full-doc> [docs...])
Define one property in a scope for use with the set_property and
get_property commands. This is primarily useful to associate
documentation with property names that may be retrieved with the
get_property command. The first argument determines the kind of scope
in which the property should be used. It must be one of the
following:
GLOBAL = associated with the global namespace
DIRECTORY = associated with one directory
TARGET = associated with one target
SOURCE = associated with one source file
TEST = associated with a test named with add_test
VARIABLE = documents a CMake language variable
CACHED_VARIABLE = documents a CMake cache variable
Note that unlike set_property and get_property no actual scope needs
to be given; only the kind of scope is important.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of
the property being defined.
If the INHERITED option then the get_property command will chain up to
the next higher scope when the requested property is not set in the
scope given to the command. DIRECTORY scope chains to GLOBAL.
TARGET, SOURCE, and TEST chain to DIRECTORY.
The BRIEF_DOCS and FULL_DOCS options are followed by strings to be
associated with the property as its brief and full documentation.
Corresponding options to the get_property command will retrieve the
documentation.
else
Starts the else portion of an if block.
else(expression)
See the if command.
elseif
Starts the elseif portion of an if block.
elseif(expression)
See the if command.
enable_language
Enable a language (CXX/C/Fortran/etc)
enable_language(languageName [OPTIONAL] )
This command enables support for the named language in CMake. This is
the same as the project command but does not create any of the extra
variables that are created by the project command. Example languages
are CXX, C, Fortran. If OPTIONAL is used, use the
CMAKE_<languageName>_COMPILER_WORKS variable to check whether the
language has been enabled successfully.
enable_testing
Enable testing for current directory and below.
enable_testing()
Enables testing for this directory and below. See also the add_test
command. Note that ctest expects to find a test file in the build
directory root. Therefore, this command should be in the source
directory root.
endforeach
Ends a list of commands in a FOREACH block.
endforeach(expression)
See the FOREACH command.
endfunction
Ends a list of commands in a function block.
endfunction(expression)
See the function command.
endif
Ends a list of commands in an if block.
endif(expression)
See the if command.
endmacro
Ends a list of commands in a macro block.
endmacro(expression)
See the macro command.
endwhile
Ends a list of commands in a while block.
endwhile(expression)
See the while command.
execute_process
Execute one or more child processes.
execute_process(COMMAND <cmd1> [args1...]]
[COMMAND <cmd2> [args2...] [...]]
[WORKING_DIRECTORY <directory>]
[TIMEOUT <seconds>]
[RESULT_VARIABLE <variable>]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE <variable>]
[ERROR_VARIABLE <variable>]
[INPUT_FILE <file>]
[OUTPUT_FILE <file>]
[ERROR_FILE <file>]
[OUTPUT_QUIET]
[ERROR_QUIET]
[OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE]
[ERROR_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE])
Runs the given sequence of one or more commands with the standard
output of each process piped to the standard input of the next. A
single standard error pipe is used for all processes. If
WORKING_DIRECTORY is given the named directory will be set as the
current working directory of the child processes. If TIMEOUT is given
the child processes will be terminated if they do not finish in the
specified number of seconds (fractions are allowed). If
RESULT_VARIABLE is given the variable will be set to contain the
result of running the processes. This will be an integer return code
from the last child or a string describing an error condition. If
OUTPUT_VARIABLE or ERROR_VARIABLE are given the variable named will be
set with the contents of the standard output and standard error pipes
respectively. If the same variable is named for both pipes their
output will be merged in the order produced. If INPUT_FILE,
OUTPUT_FILE, or ERROR_FILE is given the file named will be attached to
the standard input of the first process, standard output of the last
process, or standard error of all processes respectively. If
OUTPUT_QUIET or ERROR_QUIET is given then the standard output or
standard error results will be quietly ignored. If more than one
OUTPUT_* or ERROR_* option is given for the same pipe the precedence
is not specified. If no OUTPUT_* or ERROR_* options are given the
output will be shared with the corresponding pipes of the CMake
process itself.
The execute_process command is a newer more powerful version of
exec_program, but the old command has been kept for compatibility.
export
Export targets from the build tree for use by outside projects.
export(TARGETS [target1 [target2 [...]]] [NAMESPACE <namespace>]
[APPEND] FILE <filename>)
Create a file <filename> that may be included by outside projects to
import targets from the current project's build tree. This is useful
during cross-compiling to build utility executables that can run on
the host platform in one project and then import them into another
project being compiled for the target platform. If the NAMESPACE
option is given the <namespace> string will be prepended to all target
names written to the file. If the APPEND option is given the
generated code will be appended to the file instead of overwriting it.
If a library target is included in the export but a target to which it
links is not included the behavior is unspecified.
The file created by this command is specific to the build tree and
should never be installed. See the install(EXPORT) command to export
targets from an installation tree.
export(PACKAGE <name>)
Store the current build directory in the CMake user package registry
for package <name>. The find_package command may consider the
directory while searching for package <name>. This helps dependent
projects find and use a package from the current project's build tree
without help from the user. Note that the entry in the package
registry that this command creates works only in conjunction with a
package configuration file (<name>Config.cmake) that works with the
build tree.
file
File manipulation command.
file(WRITE filename "message to write"... )
file(APPEND filename "message to write"... )
file(READ filename variable [LIMIT numBytes] [OFFSET offset] [HEX])
file(STRINGS filename variable [LIMIT_COUNT num]
[LIMIT_INPUT numBytes] [LIMIT_OUTPUT numBytes]
[LENGTH_MINIMUM numBytes] [LENGTH_MAXIMUM numBytes]
[NEWLINE_CONSUME] [REGEX regex]
[NO_HEX_CONVERSION])
file(GLOB variable [RELATIVE path] [globbing expressions]...)
file(GLOB_RECURSE variable [RELATIVE path]
[FOLLOW_SYMLINKS] [globbing expressions]...)
file(RENAME <oldname> <newname>)
file(REMOVE [file1 ...])
file(REMOVE_RECURSE [file1 ...])
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY [directory1 directory2 ...])
file(RELATIVE_PATH variable directory file)
file(TO_CMAKE_PATH path result)
file(TO_NATIVE_PATH path result)
file(DOWNLOAD url file [TIMEOUT timeout] [STATUS status] [LOG log])
WRITE will write a message into a file called 'filename'. It
overwrites the file if it already exists, and creates the file if it
does not exist.
APPEND will write a message into a file same as WRITE, except it will
append it to the end of the file
READ will read the content of a file and store it into the variable.
It will start at the given offset and read up to numBytes. If the
argument HEX is given, the binary data will be converted to
hexadecimal representation and this will be stored in the variable.
STRINGS will parse a list of ASCII strings from a file and store it in
a variable. Binary data in the file are ignored. Carriage return
(CR) characters are ignored. It works also for Intel Hex and Motorola
S-record files, which are automatically converted to binary format
when reading them. Disable this using NO_HEX_CONVERSION.
LIMIT_COUNT sets the maximum number of strings to return. LIMIT_INPUT
sets the maximum number of bytes to read from the input file.
LIMIT_OUTPUT sets the maximum number of bytes to store in the output
variable. LENGTH_MINIMUM sets the minimum length of a string to
return. Shorter strings are ignored. LENGTH_MAXIMUM sets the maximum
length of a string to return. Longer strings are split into strings
no longer than the maximum length. NEWLINE_CONSUME allows newlines to
be included in strings instead of terminating them.
REGEX specifies a regular expression that a string must match to be
returned. Typical usage
file(STRINGS myfile.txt myfile)
stores a list in the variable "myfile" in which each item is a line
from the input file.
GLOB will generate a list of all files that match the globbing
expressions and store it into the variable. Globbing expressions are
similar to regular expressions, but much simpler. If RELATIVE flag is
specified for an expression, the results will be returned as a
relative path to the given path.
Examples of globbing expressions include:
*.cxx - match all files with extension cxx
*.vt? - match all files with extension vta,...,vtz
f[3-5].txt - match files f3.txt, f4.txt, f5.txt
GLOB_RECURSE will generate a list similar to the regular GLOB, except
it will traverse all the subdirectories of the matched directory and
match the files. Subdirectories that are symlinks are only traversed
if FOLLOW_SYMLINKS is given or cmake policy CMP0009 is not set to NEW.
See cmake --help-policy CMP0009 for more information.
Examples of recursive globbing include:
/dir/*.py - match all python files in /dir and subdirectories
MAKE_DIRECTORY will create the given directories, also if their parent
directories don't exist yet
RENAME moves a file or directory within a filesystem, replacing the
destination atomically.
REMOVE will remove the given files, also in subdirectories
REMOVE_RECURSE will remove the given files and directories, also
non-empty directories
RELATIVE_PATH will determine relative path from directory to the given
file.
TO_CMAKE_PATH will convert path into a cmake style path with unix /.
The input can be a single path or a system path like "$ENV{PATH}".
Note the double quotes around the ENV call TO_CMAKE_PATH only takes
one argument.
TO_NATIVE_PATH works just like TO_CMAKE_PATH, but will convert from a
cmake style path into the native path style \ for windows and / for
UNIX.
DOWNLOAD will download the given URL to the given file. If LOG var is
specified a log of the download will be put in var. If STATUS var is
specified the status of the operation will be put in var. The status
is returned in a list of length 2. The first element is the numeric
return value for the operation, and the second element is a string
value for the error. A 0 numeric error means no error in the
operation. If TIMEOUT time is specified, the operation will timeout
after time seconds, time should be specified as an integer.
The file() command also provides COPY and INSTALL signatures:
file(<COPY|INSTALL> files... DESTINATION <dir>
[FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS] [USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS]
[FILES_MATCHING]
[[PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>]
[EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]] [...])
The COPY signature copies files, directories, and symlinks to a
destination folder. Relative input paths are evaluated with respect
to the current source directory, and a relative destination is
evaluated with respect to the current build directory. Copying
preserves input file timestamps, and optimizes out a file if it exists
at the destination with the same timestamp. Copying preserves input
permissions unless explicit permissions or NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS are
given (default is USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS). See the install(DIRECTORY)
command for documentation of permissions, PATTERN, REGEX, and EXCLUDE
options.
The INSTALL signature differs slightly from COPY: it prints status
messages, and NO_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS is default. Installation scripts
generated by the install() command use this signature (with some
undocumented options for internal use).
find_file
Find the full path to a file.
find_file(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in
many cases. It is the same as find_file(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1
path2 ...])
find_file(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a full path to named file. A cache entry
named by <VAR> is created to store the result of this command. If the
full path to a file is found the result is stored in the variable and
the search will not be repeated unless the variable is cleared. If
nothing is found, the result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search
will be attempted again the next time find_file is invoked with the
same variable. The name of the full path to a file that is searched
for is specified by the names listed after the NAMES argument.
Additional search locations can be specified after the PATHS argument.
If ENV var is found in the HINTS or PATHS section the environment
variable var will be read and converted from a system environment
variable to a cmake style list of paths. For example ENV PATH would
be a way to list the system path variable. The argument after DOC
will be used for the documentation string in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES
specifies additional subdirectories to check below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to
the search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process
is as follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These
are intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables.
These are intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be
paths computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the
location of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be
specified with the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be
skipped if NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
INCLUDE
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the
current system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is
passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the
short-hand version of the command. These are typically hard-coded
guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake
variable CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the
following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more
directories to be prepended to all other search directories. This
effectively "re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By
default it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to
point to the root directory of the target environment and CMake will
search there too. By default at first the directories listed in
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and then the non-rooted directories will be
searched. The default behavior can be adjusted by setting
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE. This behavior can be manually
overridden on a per-call basis. By using CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to
least-specific for common use cases. Projects may override the order
by simply calling the command multiple times and using the NO_*
options:
find_file(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_file(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and
stored in the cache so that no call will search again.
find_library
Find a library.
find_library(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in
many cases. It is the same as find_library(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1
path2 ...])
find_library(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a library. A cache entry named by <VAR>
is created to store the result of this command. If the library is
found the result is stored in the variable and the search will not be
repeated unless the variable is cleared. If nothing is found, the
result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search will be attempted again
the next time find_library is invoked with the same variable. The
name of the library that is searched for is specified by the names
listed after the NAMES argument. Additional search locations can be
specified after the PATHS argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS
or PATHS section the environment variable var will be read and
converted from a system environment variable to a cmake style list of
paths. For example ENV PATH would be a way to list the system path
variable. The argument after DOC will be used for the documentation
string in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES specifies additional
subdirectories to check below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to
the search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process
is as follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These
are intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables.
These are intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be
paths computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the
location of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be
specified with the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be
skipped if NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
LIB
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the
current system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is
passed.
<prefix>/lib for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_LIBRARY_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the
short-hand version of the command. These are typically hard-coded
guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake
variable CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the
following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more
directories to be prepended to all other search directories. This
effectively "re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By
default it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to
point to the root directory of the target environment and CMake will
search there too. By default at first the directories listed in
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and then the non-rooted directories will be
searched. The default behavior can be adjusted by setting
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY. This behavior can be manually
overridden on a per-call basis. By using CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to
least-specific for common use cases. Projects may override the order
by simply calling the command multiple times and using the NO_*
options:
find_library(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_library(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and
stored in the cache so that no call will search again.
If the library found is a framework, then VAR will be set to the full
path to the framework <fullPath>/A.framework. When a full path to a
framework is used as a library, CMake will use a -framework A, and a
-F<fullPath> to link the framework to the target.
find_package
Load settings for an external project.
find_package(<package> [version] [EXACT] [QUIET]
[[REQUIRED|COMPONENTS] [components...]]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE])
Finds and loads settings from an external project. <package>_FOUND
will be set to indicate whether the package was found. When the
package is found package-specific information is provided through
variables documented by the package itself. The QUIET option disables
messages if the package cannot be found. The REQUIRED option stops
processing with an error message if the package cannot be found. A
package-specific list of components may be listed after the REQUIRED
option or after the COMPONENTS option if no REQUIRED option is given.
The [version] argument requests a version with which the package found
should be compatible (format is major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]). The
EXACT option requests that the version be matched exactly. If no
[version] is given to a recursive invocation inside a find-module, the
[version] and EXACT arguments are forwarded automatically from the
outer call. Version support is currently provided only on a
package-by-package basis (details below).
User code should generally look for packages using the above simple
signature. The remainder of this command documentation specifies the
full command signature and details of the search process. Project
maintainers wishing to provide a package to be found by this command
are encouraged to read on.
The command has two modes by which it searches for packages: "Module"
mode and "Config" mode. Module mode is available when the command is
invoked with the above reduced signature. CMake searches for a file
called "Find<package>.cmake" in the CMAKE_MODULE_PATH followed by the
CMake installation. If the file is found, it is read and processed by
CMake. It is responsible for finding the package, checking the
version, and producing any needed messages. Many find-modules provide
limited or no support for versioning; check the module documentation.
If no module is found the command proceeds to Config mode.
The complete Config mode command signature is:
find_package(<package> [version] [EXACT] [QUIET]
[[REQUIRED|COMPONENTS] [components...]] [NO_MODULE]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE]
[NAMES name1 [name2 ...]]
[CONFIGS config1 [config2 ...]]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PACKAGE_REGISTRY]
[NO_CMAKE_BUILDS_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH])
The NO_MODULE option may be used to skip Module mode explicitly. It
is also implied by use of options not specified in the reduced
signature.
Config mode attempts to locate a configuration file provided by the
package to be found. A cache entry called <package>_DIR is created to
hold the directory containing the file. By default the command
searches for a package with the name <package>. If the NAMES option
is given the names following it are used instead of <package>. The
command searches for a file called "<name>Config.cmake" or
"<lower-case-name>-config.cmake" for each name specified. A
replacement set of possible configuration file names may be given
using the CONFIGS option. The search procedure is specified below.
Once found, the configuration file is read and processed by CMake.
Since the file is provided by the package it already knows the
location of package contents. The full path to the configuration file
is stored in the cmake variable <package>_CONFIG.
If the package configuration file cannot be found CMake will generate
an error describing the problem unless the QUIET argument is
specified. If REQUIRED is specified and the package is not found a
fatal error is generated and the configure step stops executing. If
<package>_DIR has been set to a directory not containing a
configuration file CMake will ignore it and search from scratch.
When the [version] argument is given Config mode will only find a
version of the package that claims compatibility with the requested
version (format is major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]). If the EXACT
option is given only a version of the package claiming an exact match
of the requested version may be found. CMake does not establish any
convention for the meaning of version numbers. Package version
numbers are checked by "version" files provided by the packages
themselves. For a candidate package configuration file
"<config-file>.cmake" the corresponding version file is located next
to it and named either "<config-file>-version.cmake" or
"<config-file>Version.cmake". If no such version file is available
then the configuration file is assumed to not be compatible with any
requested version. When a version file is found it is loaded to check
the requested version number. The version file is loaded in a nested
scope in which the following variables have been defined:
PACKAGE_FIND_NAME = the <package> name
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION = full requested version string
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_MAJOR = major version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_MINOR = minor version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_PATCH = patch version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_TWEAK = tweak version if requested, else 0
PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION_COUNT = number of version components, 0 to 4
The version file checks whether it satisfies the requested version and
sets these variables:
PACKAGE_VERSION = full provided version string
PACKAGE_VERSION_EXACT = true if version is exact match
PACKAGE_VERSION_COMPATIBLE = true if version is compatible
PACKAGE_VERSION_UNSUITABLE = true if unsuitable as any version
These variables are checked by the find_package command to determine
whether the configuration file provides an acceptable version. They
are not available after the find_package call returns. If the version
is acceptable the following variables are set:
<package>_VERSION = full provided version string
<package>_VERSION_MAJOR = major version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_MINOR = minor version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_PATCH = patch version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_TWEAK = tweak version if provided, else 0
<package>_VERSION_COUNT = number of version components, 0 to 4
and the corresponding package configuration file is loaded. When
multiple package configuration files are available whose version files
claim compatibility with the version requested it is unspecified which
one is chosen. No attempt is made to choose a highest or closest
version number.
Config mode provides an elaborate interface and search procedure.
Much of the interface is provided for completeness and for use
internally by find-modules loaded by Module mode. Most user code
should simply call
find_package(<package> [major[.minor]] [EXACT] [REQUIRED|QUIET])
in order to find a package. Package maintainers providing CMake
package configuration files are encouraged to name and install them
such that the procedure outlined below will find them without
requiring use of additional options.
CMake constructs a set of possible installation prefixes for the
package. Under each prefix several directories are searched for a
configuration file. The tables below show the directories searched.
Each entry is meant for installation trees following Windows (W), UNIX
(U), or Apple (A) conventions.
<prefix>/ (W)
<prefix>/(cmake|CMake)/ (W)
<prefix>/<name>*/ (W)
<prefix>/<name>*/(cmake|CMake)/ (W)
<prefix>/(share|lib)/cmake/<name>*/ (U)
<prefix>/(share|lib)/<name>*/ (U)
<prefix>/(share|lib)/<name>*/(cmake|CMake)/ (U)
On systems supporting OS X Frameworks and Application Bundles the
following directories are searched for frameworks or bundles
containing a configuration file:
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Resources/CMake/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Versions/*/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.framework/Versions/*/Resources/CMake/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.app/Contents/Resources/ (A)
<prefix>/<name>.app/Contents/Resources/CMake/ (A)
In all cases the <name> is treated as case-insensitive and corresponds
to any of the names specified (<package> or names given by NAMES). If
PATH_SUFFIXES is specified the suffixes are appended to each (W) or
(U) directory entry one-by-one.
This set of directories is intended to work in cooperation with
projects that provide configuration files in their installation trees.
Directories above marked with (W) are intended for installations on
Windows where the prefix may point at the top of an application's
installation directory. Those marked with (U) are intended for
installations on UNIX platforms where the prefix is shared by multiple
packages. This is merely a convention, so all (W) and (U) directories
are still searched on all platforms. Directories marked with (A) are
intended for installations on Apple platforms. The cmake variables
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK and CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE determine the order of
preference as specified below.
The set of installation prefixes is constructed using the following
steps. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified all NO_* options are enabled.
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These
are intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables.
These are intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
3. Search paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be paths
computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the
location of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be
specified with the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be
skipped if NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed. Path entries ending
in "/bin" or "/sbin" are automatically converted to their parent
directories.
PATH
5. Search project build trees recently configured in a CMake GUI.
This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_BUILDS_PATH is passed. It is intended
for the case when a user is building multiple dependent projects one
after another.
6. Search paths stored in the CMake user package registry. This can
be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PACKAGE_REGISTRY is passed. Paths are stored
in the registry when CMake configures a project that invokes
export(PACKAGE <name>). See the export(PACKAGE) command documentation
for more details.
7. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the
current system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is
passed.
CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_APPBUNDLE_PATH
8. Search paths specified by the PATHS option. These are typically
hard-coded guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake
variable CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the
following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more
directories to be prepended to all other search directories. This
effectively "re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By
default it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to
point to the root directory of the target environment and CMake will
search there too. By default at first the directories listed in
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and then the non-rooted directories will be
searched. The default behavior can be adjusted by setting
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE. This behavior can be manually
overridden on a per-call basis. By using CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to
least-specific for common use cases. Projects may override the order
by simply calling the command multiple times and using the NO_*
options:
find_package(<package> PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_package(<package>)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and
stored in the cache so that no call will search again.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for discussion of the
NO_POLICY_SCOPE option.
find_path
Find the directory containing a file.
find_path(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in
many cases. It is the same as find_path(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1
path2 ...])
find_path(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a directory containing the named file. A
cache entry named by <VAR> is created to store the result of this
command. If the file in a directory is found the result is stored in
the variable and the search will not be repeated unless the variable
is cleared. If nothing is found, the result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND,
and the search will be attempted again the next time find_path is
invoked with the same variable. The name of the file in a directory
that is searched for is specified by the names listed after the NAMES
argument. Additional search locations can be specified after the
PATHS argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS or PATHS section the
environment variable var will be read and converted from a system
environment variable to a cmake style list of paths. For example ENV
PATH would be a way to list the system path variable. The argument
after DOC will be used for the documentation string in the cache.
PATH_SUFFIXES specifies additional subdirectories to check below each
search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to
the search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process
is as follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These
are intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables.
These are intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_FRAMEWORK_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be
paths computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the
location of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be
specified with the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be
skipped if NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
INCLUDE
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the
current system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is
passed.
<prefix>/include for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_FRAMEWORK_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the
short-hand version of the command. These are typically hard-coded
guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake
variable CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the
following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more
directories to be prepended to all other search directories. This
effectively "re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By
default it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to
point to the root directory of the target environment and CMake will
search there too. By default at first the directories listed in
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and then the non-rooted directories will be
searched. The default behavior can be adjusted by setting
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE. This behavior can be manually
overridden on a per-call basis. By using CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to
least-specific for common use cases. Projects may override the order
by simply calling the command multiple times and using the NO_*
options:
find_path(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_path(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and
stored in the cache so that no call will search again.
When searching for frameworks, if the file is specified as A/b.h, then
the framework search will look for A.framework/Headers/b.h. If that
is found the path will be set to the path to the framework. CMake
will convert this to the correct -F option to include the file.
find_program
Find an executable program.
find_program(<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...])
This is the short-hand signature for the command that is sufficient in
many cases. It is the same as find_program(<VAR> name1 [PATHS path1
path2 ...])
find_program(
<VAR>
name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...]
[HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]]
[PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]]
[DOC "cache documentation string"]
[NO_DEFAULT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_PATH]
[NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH]
[NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH]
[CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH |
ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH |
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH]
)
This command is used to find a program. A cache entry named by <VAR>
is created to store the result of this command. If the program is
found the result is stored in the variable and the search will not be
repeated unless the variable is cleared. If nothing is found, the
result will be <VAR>-NOTFOUND, and the search will be attempted again
the next time find_program is invoked with the same variable. The
name of the program that is searched for is specified by the names
listed after the NAMES argument. Additional search locations can be
specified after the PATHS argument. If ENV var is found in the HINTS
or PATHS section the environment variable var will be read and
converted from a system environment variable to a cmake style list of
paths. For example ENV PATH would be a way to list the system path
variable. The argument after DOC will be used for the documentation
string in the cache. PATH_SUFFIXES specifies additional
subdirectories to check below each search path.
If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is specified, then no additional paths are added to
the search. If NO_DEFAULT_PATH is not specified, the search process
is as follows:
1. Search paths specified in cmake-specific cache variables. These
are intended to be used on the command line with a -DVAR=value. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
2. Search paths specified in cmake-specific environment variables.
These are intended to be set in the user's shell configuration. This
can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_APPBUNDLE_PATH
3. Search the paths specified by the HINTS option. These should be
paths computed by system introspection, such as a hint provided by the
location of another item already found. Hard-coded guesses should be
specified with the PATHS option.
4. Search the standard system environment variables. This can be
skipped if NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH is an argument.
PATH
5. Search cmake variables defined in the Platform files for the
current system. This can be skipped if NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH is
passed.
<prefix>/[s]bin for each <prefix> in CMAKE_SYSTEM_PREFIX_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROGRAM_PATH
CMAKE_SYSTEM_APPBUNDLE_PATH
6. Search the paths specified by the PATHS option or in the
short-hand version of the command. These are typically hard-coded
guesses.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Frameworks, the cmake variable
CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK can be set to empty or one of the following:
"FIRST" - Try to find frameworks before standard
libraries or headers. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find frameworks after standard
libraries or headers.
"ONLY" - Only try to find frameworks.
"NEVER" - Never try to find frameworks.
On Darwin or systems supporting OS X Application Bundles, the cmake
variable CMAKE_FIND_APPBUNDLE can be set to empty or one of the
following:
"FIRST" - Try to find application bundles before standard
programs. This is the default on Darwin.
"LAST" - Try to find application bundles after standard
programs.
"ONLY" - Only try to find application bundles.
"NEVER" - Never try to find application bundles.
The CMake variable CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH specifies one or more
directories to be prepended to all other search directories. This
effectively "re-roots" the entire search under given locations. By
default it is empty. It is especially useful when cross-compiling to
point to the root directory of the target environment and CMake will
search there too. By default at first the directories listed in
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH and then the non-rooted directories will be
searched. The default behavior can be adjusted by setting
CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM. This behavior can be manually
overridden on a per-call basis. By using CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
the search order will be as described above. If
NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH will not be
used. If ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH is used then only the re-rooted
directories will be searched.
The default search order is designed to be most-specific to
least-specific for common use cases. Projects may override the order
by simply calling the command multiple times and using the NO_*
options:
find_program(<VAR> NAMES name PATHS paths... NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
find_program(<VAR> NAMES name)
Once one of the calls succeeds the result variable will be set and
stored in the cache so that no call will search again.
fltk_wrap_ui
Create FLTK user interfaces Wrappers.
fltk_wrap_ui(resultingLibraryName source1
source2 ... sourceN )
Produce .h and .cxx files for all the .fl and .fld files listed. The
resulting .h and .cxx files will be added to a variable named
resultingLibraryName_FLTK_UI_SRCS which should be added to your
library.
foreach
Evaluate a group of commands for each value in a list.
foreach(loop_var arg1 arg2 ...)
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endforeach(loop_var)
All commands between foreach and the matching endforeach are recorded
without being invoked. Once the endforeach is evaluated, the recorded
list of commands is invoked once for each argument listed in the
original foreach command. Before each iteration of the loop
"${loop_var}" will be set as a variable with the current value in the
list.
foreach(loop_var RANGE total)
foreach(loop_var RANGE start stop [step])
Foreach can also iterate over a generated range of numbers. There are
three types of this iteration:
* When specifying single number, the range will have elements 0 to
"total".
* When specifying two numbers, the range will have elements from the
first number to the second number.
* The third optional number is the increment used to iterate from the
first number to the second number.
foreach(loop_var IN [LISTS [list1 [...]]]
[ITEMS [item1 [...]]])
Iterates over a precise list of items. The LISTS option names
list-valued variables to be traversed, including empty elements (an
empty string is a zero-length list). The ITEMS option ends argument
parsing and includes all arguments following it in the iteration.
function
Start recording a function for later invocation as a command.
function(<name> [arg1 [arg2 [arg3 ...]]])
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endfunction(<name>)
Define a function named <name> that takes arguments named arg1 arg2
arg3 (...). Commands listed after function, but before the matching
endfunction, are not invoked until the function is invoked. When it
is invoked, the commands recorded in the function are first modified
by replacing formal parameters (${arg1}) with the arguments passed,
and then invoked as normal commands. In addition to referencing the
formal parameters you can reference the variable ARGC which will be
set to the number of arguments passed into the function as well as
ARGV0 ARGV1 ARGV2 ... which will have the actual values of the
arguments passed in. This facilitates creating functions with
optional arguments. Additionally ARGV holds the list of all arguments
given to the function and ARGN holds the list of argument past the
last expected argument.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for the behavior of
policies inside functions.
get_cmake_property
Get a property of the CMake instance.
get_cmake_property(VAR property)
Get a property from the CMake instance. The value of the property is
stored in the variable VAR. If the property is not found, CMake will
report an error. Some supported properties include: VARIABLES,
CACHE_VARIABLES, COMMANDS, MACROS, and COMPONENTS.
get_directory_property
Get a property of DIRECTORY scope.
get_directory_property(<variable> [DIRECTORY <dir>] <prop-name>)
Store a property of directory scope in the named variable. If the
property is not defined the empty-string is returned. The DIRECTORY
argument specifies another directory from which to retrieve the
property value. The specified directory must have already been
traversed by CMake.
get_directory_property(<variable> [DIRECTORY <dir>]
DEFINITION <var-name>)
Get a variable definition from a directory. This form is useful to
get a variable definition from another directory.
get_filename_component
Get a specific component of a full filename.
get_filename_component(VarName FileName
PATH|ABSOLUTE|NAME|EXT|NAME_WE|REALPATH
[CACHE])
Set VarName to be the path (PATH), file name (NAME), file extension
(EXT), file name without extension (NAME_WE) of FileName, the full
path (ABSOLUTE), or the full path with all symlinks resolved
(REALPATH). Note that the path is converted to Unix slashes format
and has no trailing slashes. The longest file extension is always
considered. If the optional CACHE argument is specified, the result
variable is added to the cache.
get_filename_component(VarName FileName
PROGRAM [PROGRAM_ARGS ArgVar]
[CACHE])
The program in FileName will be found in the system search path or
left as a full path. If PROGRAM_ARGS is present with PROGRAM, then
any command-line arguments present in the FileName string are split
from the program name and stored in ArgVar. This is used to separate
a program name from its arguments in a command line string.
get_property
Get a property.
get_property(<variable>
<GLOBAL |
DIRECTORY [dir] |
TARGET <target> |
SOURCE <source> |
TEST <test> |
CACHE <entry> |
VARIABLE>
PROPERTY <name>
[SET | DEFINED | BRIEF_DOCS | FULL_DOCS])
Get one property from one object in a scope. The first argument
specifies the variable in which to store the result. The second
argument determines the scope from which to get the property. It must
be one of the following:
GLOBAL scope is unique and does not accept a name.
DIRECTORY scope defaults to the current directory but another
directory (already processed by CMake) may be named by full or
relative path.
TARGET scope must name one existing target.
SOURCE scope must name one source file.
TEST scope must name one existing test.
CACHE scope must name one cache entry.
VARIABLE scope is unique and does not accept a name.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of
the property to get. If the property is not set an empty value is
returned. If the SET option is given the variable is set to a boolean
value indicating whether the property has been set. If the DEFINED
option is given the variable is set to a boolean value indicating
whether the property has been defined such as with define_property.
If BRIEF_DOCS or FULL_DOCS is given then the variable is set to a
string containing documentation for the requested property. If
documentation is requested for a property that has not been defined
NOTFOUND is returned.
get_source_file_property
Get a property for a source file.
get_source_file_property(VAR file property)
Get a property from a source file. The value of the property is
stored in the variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be
set to "NOTFOUND". Use set_source_files_properties to set property
values. Source file properties usually control how the file is built.
One property that is always there is LOCATION
get_target_property
Get a property from a target.
get_target_property(VAR target property)
Get a property from a target. The value of the property is stored in
the variable VAR. If the property is not found, VAR will be set to
"NOTFOUND". Use set_target_properties to set property values.
Properties are usually used to control how a target is built, but some
query the target instead. This command can get properties for any
target so far created. The targets do not need to be in the current
CMakeLists.txt file.
get_test_property
Get a property of the test.
get_test_property(test VAR property)
Get a property from the Test. The value of the property is stored in
the variable VAR. If the property is not found, CMake will report an
error. For a list of standard properties you can type cmake
--help-property-list
if
Conditionally execute a group of commands.
if(expression)
# then section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
elseif(expression2)
# elseif section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
else(expression)
# else section.
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endif(expression)
Evaluates the given expression. If the result is true, the commands
in the THEN section are invoked. Otherwise, the commands in the else
section are invoked. The elseif and else sections are optional. You
may have multiple elseif clauses. Note that the expression in the
else and endif clause is optional. Long expressions can be used and
there is a traditional order of precedence. Parenthetical expressions
are evaluated first followed by unary operators such as EXISTS,
COMMAND, and DEFINED. Then any EQUAL, LESS, GREATER, STRLESS,
STRGREATER, STREQUAL, MATCHES will be evaluated. Then NOT operators
and finally AND, OR operators will be evaluated. Possible expressions
are:
if(<constant>)
True if the constant is 1, ON, YES, TRUE, Y, or a non-zero number.
False if the constant is 0, OFF, NO, FALSE, N, IGNORE, "", or ends in
the suffix '-NOTFOUND'. Named boolean constants are case-insensitive.
if(<variable>)
True if the variable's value is not a false constant.
if(NOT <expression>)
True if the expression is not true.
if(<expr1> AND <expr2>)
True if both expressions would be considered true individually.
if(<expr1> OR <expr2>)
True if either expression would be considered true individually.
if(COMMAND command-name)
True if the given name is a command, macro or function that can be
invoked.
if(POLICY policy-id)
True if the given name is an existing policy (of the form CMP<NNNN>).
if(TARGET target-name)
True if the given name is an existing target, built or imported.
if(EXISTS file-name)
if(EXISTS directory-name)
True if the named file or directory exists. Behavior is well-defined
only for full paths.
if(file1 IS_NEWER_THAN file2)
True if file1 is newer than file2 or if one of the two files doesn't
exist. Behavior is well-defined only for full paths.
if(IS_DIRECTORY directory-name)
True if the given name is a directory. Behavior is well-defined only
for full paths.
if(IS_ABSOLUTE path)
True if the given path is an absolute path.
if(variable MATCHES regex)
if(string MATCHES regex)
True if the given string or variable's value matches the given regular
expression.
if(variable LESS number)
if(string LESS number)
if(variable GREATER number)
if(string GREATER number)
if(variable EQUAL number)
if(string EQUAL number)
True if the given string or variable's value is a valid number and the
inequality or equality is true.
if(variable STRLESS string)
if(string STRLESS string)
if(variable STRGREATER string)
if(string STRGREATER string)
if(variable STREQUAL string)
if(string STREQUAL string)
True if the given string or variable's value is lexicographically less
(or greater, or equal) than the string or variable on the right.
if(version1 VERSION_LESS version2)
if(version1 VERSION_EQUAL version2)
if(version1 VERSION_GREATER version2)
Component-wise integer version number comparison (version format is
major[.minor[.patch[.tweak]]]).
if(DEFINED variable)
True if the given variable is defined. It does not matter if the
variable is true or false just if it has been set.
if((expression) AND (expression OR (expression)))
The expressions inside the parenthesis are evaluated first and then
the remaining expression is evaluated as in the previous examples.
Where there are nested parenthesis the innermost are evaluated as part
of evaluating the expression that contains them.
The if statement was written fairly early in CMake's history and it
has some convenience features that are worth covering. The if
statement reduces operations until there is a single remaining value,
at that point if the case insensitive value is: ON, 1, YES, TRUE, Y it
returns true, if it is OFF, 0, NO, FALSE, N, NOTFOUND, *-NOTFOUND,
IGNORE it will return false.
This is fairly reasonable. The convenience feature that sometimes
throws new authors is how CMake handles values that do not match the
true or false list. Those values are treated as variables and are
dereferenced even though they do not have the required ${} syntax.
This means that if you write
if (boobah)
CMake will treat it as if you wrote
if (${boobah})
likewise if you write
if (fubar AND sol)
CMake will conveniently treat it as
if ("${fubar}" AND "${sol}")
The later is really the correct way to write it, but the former will
work as well. Only some operations in the if statement have this
special handling of arguments. The specific details follow:
1) The left hand argument to MATCHES is first checked to see if it is
a defined variable, if so the variable's value is used, otherwise the
original value is used.
2) If the left hand argument to MATCHES is missing it returns false
without error
3) Both left and right hand arguments to LESS GREATER EQUAL are
independently tested to see if they are defined variables, if so their
defined values are used otherwise the original value is used.
4) Both left and right hand arguments to STRLESS STREQUAL STRGREATER
are independently tested to see if they are defined variables, if so
their defined values are used otherwise the original value is used.
5) Both left and right hand argumemnts to VERSION_LESS VERSION_EQUAL
VERSION_GREATER are independently tested to see if they are defined
variables, if so their defined values are used otherwise the original
value is used.
6) The right hand argument to NOT is tested to see if it is a boolean
constant, if so the value is used, otherwise it is assumed to be a
variable and it is dereferenced.
7) The left and right hand arguments to AND OR are independently
tested to see if they are boolean constants, if so they are used as
such, otherwise they are assumed to be variables and are dereferenced.
include
Read CMake listfile code from the given file.
include(<file|module> [OPTIONAL] [RESULT_VARIABLE <VAR>]
[NO_POLICY_SCOPE])
Reads CMake listfile code from the given file. Commands in the file
are processed immediately as if they were written in place of the
include command. If OPTIONAL is present, then no error is raised if
the file does not exist. If RESULT_VARIABLE is given the variable
will be set to the full filename which has been included or NOTFOUND
if it failed.
If a module is specified instead of a file, the file with name
<modulename>.cmake is searched in the CMAKE_MODULE_PATH.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for discussion of the
NO_POLICY_SCOPE option.
include_directories
Add include directories to the build.
include_directories([AFTER|BEFORE] [SYSTEM] dir1 dir2 ...)
Add the given directories to those searched by the compiler for
include files. By default the directories are appended onto the
current list of directories. This default behavior can be changed by
setting CMAKE_include_directories_BEFORE to ON. By using BEFORE or
AFTER you can select between appending and prepending, independent
from the default. If the SYSTEM option is given the compiler will be
told that the directories are meant as system include directories on
some platforms.
include_external_msproject
Include an external Microsoft project file in a workspace.
include_external_msproject(projectname location
dep1 dep2 ...)
Includes an external Microsoft project in the generated workspace
file. Currently does nothing on UNIX. This will create a target
named INCLUDE_EXTERNAL_MSPROJECT_[projectname]. This can be used in
the add_dependencies command to make things depend on the external
project.
include_regular_expression
Set the regular expression used for dependency checking.
include_regular_expression(regex_match [regex_complain])
Set the regular expressions used in dependency checking. Only files
matching regex_match will be traced as dependencies. Only files
matching regex_complain will generate warnings if they cannot be found
(standard header paths are not searched). The defaults are:
regex_match = "^.*$" (match everything)
regex_complain = "^$" (match empty string only)
install
Specify rules to run at install time.
This command generates installation rules for a project. Rules
specified by calls to this command within a source directory are
executed in order during installation. The order across directories
is not defined.
There are multiple signatures for this command. Some of them define
installation properties for files and targets. Properties common to
multiple signatures are covered here but they are valid only for
signatures that specify them.
DESTINATION arguments specify the directory on disk to which a file
will be installed. If a full path (with a leading slash or drive
letter) is given it is used directly. If a relative path is given it
is interpreted relative to the value of CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX.
PERMISSIONS arguments specify permissions for installed files. Valid
permissions are OWNER_READ, OWNER_WRITE, OWNER_EXECUTE, GROUP_READ,
GROUP_WRITE, GROUP_EXECUTE, WORLD_READ, WORLD_WRITE, WORLD_EXECUTE,
SETUID, and SETGID. Permissions that do not make sense on certain
platforms are ignored on those platforms.
The CONFIGURATIONS argument specifies a list of build configurations
for which the install rule applies (Debug, Release, etc.).
The COMPONENT argument specifies an installation component name with
which the install rule is associated, such as "runtime" or
"development". During component-specific installation only install
rules associated with the given component name will be executed.
During a full installation all components are installed.
The RENAME argument specifies a name for an installed file that may be
different from the original file. Renaming is allowed only when a
single file is installed by the command.
The OPTIONAL argument specifies that it is not an error if the file to
be installed does not exist.
The TARGETS signature:
install(TARGETS targets... [EXPORT <export-name>]
[[ARCHIVE|LIBRARY|RUNTIME|FRAMEWORK|BUNDLE|
PRIVATE_HEADER|PUBLIC_HEADER|RESOURCE]
[DESTINATION <dir>]
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[OPTIONAL] [NAMELINK_ONLY|NAMELINK_SKIP]
] [...])
The TARGETS form specifies rules for installing targets from a
project. There are five kinds of target files that may be installed:
ARCHIVE, LIBRARY, RUNTIME, FRAMEWORK, and BUNDLE. Executables are
treated as RUNTIME targets, except that those marked with the
MACOSX_BUNDLE property are treated as BUNDLE targets on OS X. Static
libraries are always treated as ARCHIVE targets. Module libraries are
always treated as LIBRARY targets. For non-DLL platforms shared
libraries are treated as LIBRARY targets, except that those marked
with the FRAMEWORK property are treated as FRAMEWORK targets on OS X.
For DLL platforms the DLL part of a shared library is treated as a
RUNTIME target and the corresponding import library is treated as an
ARCHIVE target. All Windows-based systems including Cygwin are DLL
platforms. The ARCHIVE, LIBRARY, RUNTIME, and FRAMEWORK arguments
change the type of target to which the subsequent properties apply.
If none is given the installation properties apply to all target
types. If only one is given then only targets of that type will be
installed (which can be used to install just a DLL or just an import
library).
The PRIVATE_HEADER, PUBLIC_HEADER, and RESOURCE arguments cause
subsequent properties to be applied to installing a FRAMEWORK shared
library target's associated files on non-Apple platforms. Rules
defined by these arguments are ignored on Apple platforms because the
associated files are installed into the appropriate locations inside
the framework folder. See documentation of the PRIVATE_HEADER,
PUBLIC_HEADER, and RESOURCE target properties for details.
Either NAMELINK_ONLY or NAMELINK_SKIP may be specified as a LIBRARY
option. On some platforms a versioned shared library has a symbolic
link such as
lib<name>.so -> lib<name>.so.1
where "lib<name>.so.1" is the soname of the library and "lib<name>.so"
is a "namelink" allowing linkers to find the library when given
"-l<name>". The NAMELINK_ONLY option causes installation of only the
namelink when a library target is installed. The NAMELINK_SKIP option
causes installation of library files other than the namelink when a
library target is installed. When neither option is given both
portions are installed. On platforms where versioned shared libraries
do not have namelinks or when a library is not versioned the
NAMELINK_SKIP option installs the library and the NAMELINK_ONLY option
installs nothing. See the VERSION and SOVERSION target properties for
details on creating versioned shared libraries.
One or more groups of properties may be specified in a single call to
the TARGETS form of this command. A target may be installed more than
once to different locations. Consider hypothetical targets "myExe",
"mySharedLib", and "myStaticLib". The code
install(TARGETS myExe mySharedLib myStaticLib
RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib/static)
install(TARGETS mySharedLib DESTINATION /some/full/path)
will install myExe to <prefix>/bin and myStaticLib to
<prefix>/lib/static. On non-DLL platforms mySharedLib will be
installed to <prefix>/lib and /some/full/path. On DLL platforms the
mySharedLib DLL will be installed to <prefix>/bin and /some/full/path
and its import library will be installed to <prefix>/lib/static and
/some/full/path. On non-DLL platforms mySharedLib will be installed
to <prefix>/lib and /some/full/path.
The EXPORT option associates the installed target files with an export
called <export-name>. It must appear before any RUNTIME, LIBRARY, or
ARCHIVE options. See documentation of the install(EXPORT ...)
signature below for details.
Installing a target with EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL set to true has undefined
behavior.
The FILES signature:
install(FILES files... DESTINATION <dir>
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL])
The FILES form specifies rules for installing files for a project.
File names given as relative paths are interpreted with respect to the
current source directory. Files installed by this form are by default
given permissions OWNER_WRITE, OWNER_READ, GROUP_READ, and WORLD_READ
if no PERMISSIONS argument is given.
The PROGRAMS signature:
install(PROGRAMS files... DESTINATION <dir>
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>]
[RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL])
The PROGRAMS form is identical to the FILES form except that the
default permissions for the installed file also include OWNER_EXECUTE,
GROUP_EXECUTE, and WORLD_EXECUTE. This form is intended to install
programs that are not targets, such as shell scripts. Use the TARGETS
form to install targets built within the project.
The DIRECTORY signature:
install(DIRECTORY dirs... DESTINATION <dir>
[FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS] [OPTIONAL]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>] [FILES_MATCHING]
[[PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>]
[EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]] [...])
The DIRECTORY form installs contents of one or more directories to a
given destination. The directory structure is copied verbatim to the
destination. The last component of each directory name is appended to
the destination directory but a trailing slash may be used to avoid
this because it leaves the last component empty. Directory names
given as relative paths are interpreted with respect to the current
source directory. If no input directory names are given the
destination directory will be created but nothing will be installed
into it. The FILE_PERMISSIONS and DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS options
specify permissions given to files and directories in the destination.
If USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS is specified and FILE_PERMISSIONS is not,
file permissions will be copied from the source directory structure.
If no permissions are specified files will be given the default
permissions specified in the FILES form of the command, and the
directories will be given the default permissions specified in the
PROGRAMS form of the command.
Installation of directories may be controlled with fine granularity
using the PATTERN or REGEX options. These "match" options specify a
globbing pattern or regular expression to match directories or files
encountered within input directories. They may be used to apply
certain options (see below) to a subset of the files and directories
encountered. The full path to each input file or directory (with
forward slashes) is matched against the expression. A PATTERN will
match only complete file names: the portion of the full path matching
the pattern must occur at the end of the file name and be preceded by
a slash. A REGEX will match any portion of the full path but it may
use '/' and '$' to simulate the PATTERN behavior. By default all
files and directories are installed whether or not they are matched.
The FILES_MATCHING option may be given before the first match option
to disable installation of files (but not directories) not matched by
any expression. For example, the code
install(DIRECTORY src/ DESTINATION include/myproj
FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h")
will extract and install header files from a source tree.
Some options may follow a PATTERN or REGEX expression and are applied
only to files or directories matching them. The EXCLUDE option will
skip the matched file or directory. The PERMISSIONS option overrides
the permissions setting for the matched file or directory. For
example the code
install(DIRECTORY icons scripts/ DESTINATION share/myproj
PATTERN "CVS" EXCLUDE
PATTERN "scripts/*"
PERMISSIONS OWNER_EXECUTE OWNER_WRITE OWNER_READ
GROUP_EXECUTE GROUP_READ)
will install the icons directory to share/myproj/icons and the scripts
directory to share/myproj. The icons will get default file
permissions, the scripts will be given specific permissions, and any
CVS directories will be excluded.
The SCRIPT and CODE signature:
install([[SCRIPT <file>] [CODE <code>]] [...])
The SCRIPT form will invoke the given CMake script files during
installation. If the script file name is a relative path it will be
interpreted with respect to the current source directory. The CODE
form will invoke the given CMake code during installation. Code is
specified as a single argument inside a double-quoted string. For
example, the code
install(CODE "MESSAGE(\"Sample install message.\")")
will print a message during installation.
The EXPORT signature:
install(EXPORT <export-name> DESTINATION <dir>
[NAMESPACE <namespace>] [FILE <name>.cmake]
[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
[COMPONENT <component>])
The EXPORT form generates and installs a CMake file containing code to
import targets from the installation tree into another project.
Target installations are associated with the export <export-name>
using the EXPORT option of the install(TARGETS ...) signature
documented above. The NAMESPACE option will prepend <namespace> to
the target names as they are written to the import file. By default
the generated file will be called <export-name>.cmake but the FILE
option may be used to specify a different name. The value given to
the FILE option must be a file name with the ".cmake" extension. If a
CONFIGURATIONS option is given then the file will only be installed
when one of the named configurations is installed. Additionally, the
generated import file will reference only the matching target
configurations. If a COMPONENT option is specified that does not
match that given to the targets associated with <export-name> the
behavior is undefined. If a library target is included in the export
but a target to which it links is not included the behavior is
unspecified.
The EXPORT form is useful to help outside projects use targets built
and installed by the current project. For example, the code
install(TARGETS myexe EXPORT myproj DESTINATION bin)
install(EXPORT myproj NAMESPACE mp_ DESTINATION lib/myproj)
will install the executable myexe to <prefix>/bin and code to import
it in the file "<prefix>/lib/myproj/myproj.cmake". An outside project
may load this file with the include command and reference the myexe
executable from the installation tree using the imported target name
mp_myexe as if the target were built in its own tree.
NOTE: This command supercedes the INSTALL_TARGETS command and the
target properties PRE_INSTALL_SCRIPT and POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT. It also
replaces the FILES forms of the INSTALL_FILES and INSTALL_PROGRAMS
commands. The processing order of these install rules relative to
those generated by INSTALL_TARGETS, INSTALL_FILES, and
INSTALL_PROGRAMS commands is not defined.
link_directories
Specify directories in which the linker will look for libraries.
link_directories(directory1 directory2 ...)
Specify the paths in which the linker should search for libraries.
The command will apply only to targets created after it is called.
For historical reasons, relative paths given to this command are
passed to the linker unchanged (unlike many CMake commands which
interpret them relative to the current source directory).
list
List operations.
list(LENGTH <list> <output variable>)
list(GET <list> <element index> [<element index> ...]
<output variable>)
list(APPEND <list> <element> [<element> ...])
list(FIND <list> <value> <output variable>)
list(INSERT <list> <element_index> <element> [<element> ...])
list(REMOVE_ITEM <list> <value> [<value> ...])
list(REMOVE_AT <list> <index> [<index> ...])
list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES <list>)
list(REVERSE <list>)
list(SORT <list>)
LENGTH will return a given list's length.
GET will return list of elements specified by indices from the list.
APPEND will append elements to the list.
FIND will return the index of the element specified in the list or -1
if it wasn't found.
INSERT will insert elements to the list to the specified location.
REMOVE_AT and REMOVE_ITEM will remove items from the list. The
difference is that REMOVE_ITEM will remove the given items, while
REMOVE_AT will remove the items at the given indices.
REMOVE_DUPLICATES will remove duplicated items in the list.
REVERSE reverses the contents of the list in-place.
SORT sorts the list in-place alphabetically.
NOTES: A list in cmake is a ; separated group of strings. To create a
list the set command can be used. For example, set(var a b c d e)
creates a list with a;b;c;d;e, and set(var "a b c d e") creates a
string or a list with one item in it.
When specifying index values, if <element index> is 0 or greater, it
is indexed from the beginning of the list, with 0 representing the
first list element. If <element index> is -1 or lesser, it is indexed
from the end of the list, with -1 representing the last list element.
Be careful when counting with negative indices: they do not start from
0. -0 is equivalent to 0, the first list element.
load_cache
Load in the values from another project's CMake cache.
load_cache(pathToCacheFile READ_WITH_PREFIX
prefix entry1...)
Read the cache and store the requested entries in variables with their
name prefixed with the given prefix. This only reads the values, and
does not create entries in the local project's cache.
load_cache(pathToCacheFile [EXCLUDE entry1...]
[INCLUDE_INTERNALS entry1...])
Load in the values from another cache and store them in the local
project's cache as internal entries. This is useful for a project
that depends on another project built in a different tree. EXCLUDE
option can be used to provide a list of entries to be excluded.
INCLUDE_INTERNALS can be used to provide a list of internal entries to
be included. Normally, no internal entries are brought in. Use of
this form of the command is strongly discouraged, but it is provided
for backward compatibility.
load_command
Load a command into a running CMake.
load_command(COMMAND_NAME <loc1> [loc2 ...])
The given locations are searched for a library whose name is
cmCOMMAND_NAME. If found, it is loaded as a module and the command is
added to the set of available CMake commands. Usually, TRY_COMPILE is
used before this command to compile the module. If the command is
successfully loaded a variable named
CMAKE_LOADED_COMMAND_<COMMAND_NAME>
will be set to the full path of the module that was loaded. Otherwise
the variable will not be set.
macro
Start recording a macro for later invocation as a command.
macro(<name> [arg1 [arg2 [arg3 ...]]])
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endmacro(<name>)
Define a macro named <name> that takes arguments named arg1 arg2 arg3
(...). Commands listed after macro, but before the matching endmacro,
are not invoked until the macro is invoked. When it is invoked, the
commands recorded in the macro are first modified by replacing formal
parameters (${arg1}) with the arguments passed, and then invoked as
normal commands. In addition to referencing the formal parameters you
can reference the values ${ARGC} which will be set to the number of
arguments passed into the function as well as ${ARGV0} ${ARGV1}
${ARGV2} ... which will have the actual values of the arguments
passed in. This facilitates creating macros with optional arguments.
Additionally ${ARGV} holds the list of all arguments given to the
macro and ${ARGN} holds the list of argument past the last expected
argument. Note that the parameters to a macro and values such as ARGN
are not variables in the usual CMake sense. They are string
replacements much like the c preprocessor would do with a macro. If
you want true CMake variables you should look at the function command.
See the cmake_policy() command documentation for the behavior of
policies inside macros.
mark_as_advanced
Mark cmake cached variables as advanced.
mark_as_advanced([CLEAR|FORCE] VAR VAR2 VAR...)
Mark the named cached variables as advanced. An advanced variable
will not be displayed in any of the cmake GUIs unless the show
advanced option is on. If CLEAR is the first argument advanced
variables are changed back to unadvanced. If FORCE is the first
argument, then the variable is made advanced. If neither FORCE nor
CLEAR is specified, new values will be marked as advanced, but if the
variable already has an advanced/non-advanced state, it will not be
changed.
It does nothing in script mode.
math
Mathematical expressions.
math(EXPR <output variable> <math expression>)
EXPR evaluates mathematical expression and return result in the output
variable. Example mathematical expression is '5 * ( 10 + 13 )'.
Supported operators are + - * / % | & ^ ~ << >> * / %. They have the
same meaning as they do in c code.
message
Display a message to the user.
message([STATUS|WARNING|AUTHOR_WARNING|FATAL_ERROR|SEND_ERROR]
"message to display" ...)
The optional keyword determines the type of message:
(none) = Important information
STATUS = Incidental information
WARNING = CMake Warning, continue processing
AUTHOR_WARNING = CMake Warning (dev), continue processing
SEND_ERROR = CMake Error, continue but skip generation
FATAL_ERROR = CMake Error, stop all processing
The CMake command-line tool displays STATUS messages on stdout and all
other message types on stderr. The CMake GUI displays all messages in
its log area. The interactive dialogs (ccmake and CMakeSetup) show
STATUS messages one at a time on a status line and other messages in
interactive pop-up boxes.
CMake Warning and Error message text displays using a simple markup
language. Non-indented text is formatted in line-wrapped paragraphs
delimited by newlines. Indented text is considered pre-formatted.
option
Provides an option that the user can optionally select.
option(<option_variable> "help string describing option"
[initial value])
Provide an option for the user to select as ON or OFF. If no initial
value is provided, OFF is used.
output_required_files
Output a list of required source files for a specified source file.
output_required_files(srcfile outputfile)
Outputs a list of all the source files that are required by the
specified srcfile. This list is written into outputfile. This is
similar to writing out the dependencies for srcfile except that it
jumps from .h files into .cxx, .c and .cpp files if possible.
project
Set a name for the entire project.
project(<projectname> [languageName1 languageName2 ... ] )
Sets the name of the project. Additionally this sets the variables
<projectName>_BINARY_DIR and <projectName>_SOURCE_DIR to the
respective values.
Optionally you can specify which languages your project supports.
Example languages are CXX (i.e. C++), C, Fortran, etc. By default C
and CXX are enabled. E.g. if you do not have a C++ compiler, you can
disable the check for it by explicitely listing the languages you want
to support, e.g. C. By using the special language "NONE" all checks
for any language can be disabled.
qt_wrap_cpp
Create Qt Wrappers.
qt_wrap_cpp(resultingLibraryName DestName
SourceLists ...)
Produce moc files for all the .h files listed in the SourceLists. The
moc files will be added to the library using the DestName source list.
qt_wrap_ui
Create Qt user interfaces Wrappers.
qt_wrap_ui(resultingLibraryName HeadersDestName
SourcesDestName SourceLists ...)
Produce .h and .cxx files for all the .ui files listed in the
SourceLists. The .h files will be added to the library using the
HeadersDestNamesource list. The .cxx files will be added to the
library using the SourcesDestNamesource list.
remove_definitions
Removes -D define flags added by add_definitions.
remove_definitions(-DFOO -DBAR ...)
Removes flags (added by add_definitions) from the compiler command
line for sources in the current directory and below.
return
Return from a file, directory or function.
return()
Returns from a file, directory or function. When this command is
encountered in an included file (via include() or find_package()), it
causes processing of the current file to stop and control is returned
to the including file. If it is encountered in a file which is not
included by another file, e.g. a CMakeLists.txt, control is returned
to the parent directory if there is one. If return is called in a
function, control is returned to the caller of the function. Note
that a macro is not a function and does not handle return like a
function does.
separate_arguments
Parse space-separated arguments into a semicolon-separated list.
separate_arguments(<var> <UNIX|WINDOWS>_COMMAND "<args>")
Parses a unix- or windows-style command-line string "<args>" and
stores a semicolon-separated list of the arguments in <var>. The
entire command line must be given in one "<args>" argument.
The UNIX_COMMAND mode separates arguments by unquoted whitespace. It
recognizes both single-quote and double-quote pairs. A backslash
escapes the next literal character (\" is "); there are no special
escapes (\n is just n).
The WINDOWS_COMMAND mode parses a windows command-line using the same
syntax the runtime library uses to construct argv at startup. It
separates arguments by whitespace that is not double-quoted.
Backslashes are literal unless they precede double-quotes. See the
MSDN article "Parsing C Command-Line Arguments" for details.
separate_arguments(VARIABLE)
Convert the value of VARIABLE to a semi-colon separated list. All
spaces are replaced with ';'. This helps with generating command
lines.
set
Set a CMAKE variable to a given value.
set(<variable> <value>
[[CACHE <type> <docstring> [FORCE]] | PARENT_SCOPE])
Within CMake sets <variable> to the value <value>. <value> is
expanded before <variable> is set to it. If CACHE is present, then
the <variable> is put in the cache. <type> and <docstring> are then
required. <type> is used by the CMake GUI to choose a widget with
which the user sets a value. The value for <type> may be one of
FILEPATH = File chooser dialog.
PATH = Directory chooser dialog.
STRING = Arbitrary string.
BOOL = Boolean ON/OFF checkbox.
INTERNAL = No GUI entry (used for persistent variables).
If <type> is INTERNAL, then the <value> is always written into the
cache, replacing any values existing in the cache. If it is not a
cache variable, then this always writes into the current makefile.
The FORCE option will overwrite the cache value removing any changes
by the user.
If PARENT_SCOPE is present, the variable will be set in the scope
above the current scope. Each new directory or function creates a new
scope. This command will set the value of a variable into the parent
directory or calling function (whichever is applicable to the case at
hand).
If <value> is not specified then the variable is removed instead of
set. See also: the unset() command.
set(<variable> <value1> ... <valueN>)
In this case <variable> is set to a semicolon separated list of
values.
<variable> can be an environment variable such as:
set( ENV{PATH} /home/martink )
in which case the environment variable will be set.
set_directory_properties
Set a property of the directory.
set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES prop1 value1 prop2 value2)
Set a property for the current directory and subdirectories. If the
property is not found, CMake will report an error. The properties
include: INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES, LINK_DIRECTORIES,
INCLUDE_REGULAR_EXPRESSION, and ADDITIONAL_MAKE_CLEAN_FILES.
ADDITIONAL_MAKE_CLEAN_FILES is a list of files that will be cleaned as
a part of "make clean" stage.
set_property
Set a named property in a given scope.
set_property(<GLOBAL |
DIRECTORY [dir] |
TARGET [target1 [target2 ...]] |
SOURCE [src1 [src2 ...]] |
TEST [test1 [test2 ...]] |
CACHE [entry1 [entry2 ...]]>
[APPEND]
PROPERTY <name> [value1 [value2 ...]])
Set one property on zero or more objects of a scope. The first
argument determines the scope in which the property is set. It must
be one of the following:
GLOBAL scope is unique and does not accept a name.
DIRECTORY scope defaults to the current directory but another
directory (already processed by CMake) may be named by full or
relative path.
TARGET scope may name zero or more existing targets.
SOURCE scope may name zero or more source files.
TEST scope may name zero or more existing tests.
CACHE scope must name zero or more cache existing entries.
The required PROPERTY option is immediately followed by the name of
the property to set. Remaining arguments are used to compose the
property value in the form of a semicolon-separated list. If the
APPEND option is given the list is appended to any existing property
value.
set_source_files_properties
Source files can have properties that affect how they are built.
set_source_files_properties(file1 file2 ...
PROPERTIES prop1 value1
prop2 value2 ...)
Set properties on a file. The syntax for the command is to list all
the files you want to change, and then provide the values you want to
set next. You can make up your own properties as well. The following
are used by CMake. The ABSTRACT flag (boolean) is used by some class
wrapping commands. If WRAP_EXCLUDE (boolean) is true then many
wrapping commands will ignore this file. If GENERATED (boolean) is
true then it is not an error if this source file does not exist when
it is added to a target. Obviously, it must be created (presumably by
a custom command) before the target is built. If the HEADER_FILE_ONLY
(boolean) property is true then the file is not compiled. This is
useful if you want to add extra non build files to an IDE.
OBJECT_DEPENDS (string) adds dependencies to the object file.
COMPILE_FLAGS (string) is passed to the compiler as additional command
line arguments when the source file is compiled. LANGUAGE (string)
CXX|C will change the default compiler used to compile the source
file. The languages used need to be enabled in the PROJECT command.
If SYMBOLIC (boolean) is set to true the build system will be informed
that the source file is not actually created on disk but instead used
as a symbolic name for a build rule.
set_target_properties
Targets can have properties that affect how they are built.
set_target_properties(target1 target2 ...
PROPERTIES prop1 value1
prop2 value2 ...)
Set properties on a target. The syntax for the command is to list all
the files you want to change, and then provide the values you want to
set next. You can use any prop value pair you want and extract it
later with the GET_TARGET_PROPERTY command.
Properties that affect the name of a target's output file are as
follows. The PREFIX and SUFFIX properties override the default target
name prefix (such as "lib") and suffix (such as ".so"). IMPORT_PREFIX
and IMPORT_SUFFIX are the equivalent properties for the import library
corresponding to a DLL (for SHARED library targets). OUTPUT_NAME sets
the real name of a target when it is built and can be used to help
create two targets of the same name even though CMake requires unique
logical target names. There is also a <CONFIG>_OUTPUT_NAME that can
set the output name on a per-configuration basis. <CONFIG>_POSTFIX
sets a postfix for the real name of the target when it is built under
the configuration named by <CONFIG> (in upper-case, such as
"DEBUG_POSTFIX"). The value of this property is initialized when the
target is created to the value of the variable CMAKE_<CONFIG>_POSTFIX
(except for executable targets because earlier CMake versions which
did not use this variable for executables).
The LINK_FLAGS property can be used to add extra flags to the link
step of a target. LINK_FLAGS_<CONFIG> will add to the configuration
<CONFIG>, for example, DEBUG, RELEASE, MINSIZEREL, RELWITHDEBINFO.
DEFINE_SYMBOL sets the name of the preprocessor symbol defined when
compiling sources in a shared library. If not set here then it is set
to target_EXPORTS by default (with some substitutions if the target is
not a valid C identifier). This is useful for headers to know whether
they are being included from inside their library our outside to
properly setup dllexport/dllimport decorations. The COMPILE_FLAGS
property sets additional compiler flags used to build sources within
the target. It may also be used to pass additional preprocessor
definitions.
The LINKER_LANGUAGE property is used to change the tool used to link
an executable or shared library. The default is set the language to
match the files in the library. CXX and C are common values for this
property.
For shared libraries VERSION and SOVERSION can be used to specify the
build version and api version respectively. When building or
installing appropriate symlinks are created if the platform supports
symlinks and the linker supports so-names. If only one of both is
specified the missing is assumed to have the same version number. For
executables VERSION can be used to specify the build version. When
building or installing appropriate symlinks are created if the
platform supports symlinks. For shared libraries and executables on
Windows the VERSION attribute is parsed to extract a "major.minor"
version number. These numbers are used as the image version of the
binary.
There are a few properties used to specify RPATH rules. INSTALL_RPATH
is a semicolon-separated list specifying the rpath to use in installed
targets (for platforms that support it). INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH
is a boolean that if set to true will append directories in the linker
search path and outside the project to the INSTALL_RPATH.
SKIP_BUILD_RPATH is a boolean specifying whether to skip automatic
generation of an rpath allowing the target to run from the build tree.
BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH is a boolean specifying whether to link the
target in the build tree with the INSTALL_RPATH. This takes
precedence over SKIP_BUILD_RPATH and avoids the need for relinking
before installation. INSTALL_NAME_DIR is a string specifying the
directory portion of the "install_name" field of shared libraries on
Mac OSX to use in the installed targets. When the target is created
the values of the variables CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH,
CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH, CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH,
CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH, and CMAKE_INSTALL_NAME_DIR are used to
initialize these properties.
PROJECT_LABEL can be used to change the name of the target in an IDE
like visual studio. VS_KEYWORD can be set to change the visual studio
keyword, for example QT integration works better if this is set to
Qt4VSv1.0.
VS_SCC_PROJECTNAME, VS_SCC_LOCALPATH, VS_SCC_PROVIDER can be set to
add support for source control bindings in a Visual Studio project
file.
The PRE_INSTALL_SCRIPT and POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT properties are the old
way to specify CMake scripts to run before and after installing a
target. They are used only when the old INSTALL_TARGETS command is
used to install the target. Use the INSTALL command instead.
The EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD property is used by the visual studio
generators. If it is set to 1 the target will not be part of the
default build when you select "Build Solution".
set_tests_properties
Set a property of the tests.
set_tests_properties(test1 [test2...] PROPERTIES prop1 value1 prop2 value2)
Set a property for the tests. If the property is not found, CMake
will report an error. The properties include:
WILL_FAIL: If set to true, this will invert the pass/fail flag of the
test.
PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION: If set, the test output will be checked
against the specified regular expressions and at least one of the
regular expressions has to match, otherwise the test will fail.
Example: PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "TestPassed;All ok"
FAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION: If set, if the output will match to one of
specified regular expressions, the test will fail.
Example: PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION "[^a-z]Error;ERROR;Failed"
Both PASS_REGULAR_EXPRESSION and FAIL_REGULAR_EXPRESSION expect a list
of regular expressions.
PROCESSORS: Denotes the number of processors that this test will
require. This is typically used for MPI tests, and should be used in
conjunction with the ctest_test PARALLEL_LEVEL option.
COST: Set this to a floating point value. Tests in a test set will be
run in descending order of cost.
RUN_SERIAL: If set to true, this test will not run in parallel with
any other tests. This should be used in conjunction with the
ctest_test PARALLEL_LEVEL option.
site_name
Set the given variable to the name of the computer.
site_name(variable)
source_group
Define a grouping for sources in the makefile.
source_group(name [REGULAR_EXPRESSION regex] [FILES src1 src2 ...])
Defines a group into which sources will be placed in project files.
This is mainly used to setup file tabs in Visual Studio. Any file
whose name is listed or matches the regular expression will be placed
in this group. If a file matches multiple groups, the LAST group that
explicitly lists the file will be favored, if any. If no group
explicitly lists the file, the LAST group whose regular expression
matches the file will be favored.
The name of the group may contain backslashes to specify subgroups:
source_group(outer\\inner ...)
For backwards compatibility, this command is also supports the format:
source_group(name regex)
string
String operations.
string(REGEX MATCH <regular_expression>
<output variable> <input> [<input>...])
string(REGEX MATCHALL <regular_expression>
<output variable> <input> [<input>...])
string(REGEX REPLACE <regular_expression>
<replace_expression> <output variable>
<input> [<input>...])
string(REPLACE <match_string>
<replace_string> <output variable>
<input> [<input>...])
string(COMPARE EQUAL <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE NOTEQUAL <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE LESS <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(COMPARE GREATER <string1> <string2> <output variable>)
string(ASCII <number> [<number> ...] <output variable>)
string(CONFIGURE <string1> <output variable>
[@ONLY] [ESCAPE_QUOTES])
string(TOUPPER <string1> <output variable>)
string(TOLOWER <string1> <output variable>)
string(LENGTH <string> <output variable>)
string(SUBSTRING <string> <begin> <length> <output variable>)
string(STRIP <string> <output variable>)
string(RANDOM [LENGTH <length>] [ALPHABET <alphabet>]
[RANDOM_SEED <seed>] <output variable>)
REGEX MATCH will match the regular expression once and store the match
in the output variable.
REGEX MATCHALL will match the regular expression as many times as
possible and store the matches in the output variable as a list.
REGEX REPLACE will match the regular expression as many times as
possible and substitute the replacement expression for the match in
the output. The replace expression may refer to paren-delimited
subexpressions of the match using \1, \2, ..., \9. Note that two
backslashes (\\1) are required in CMake code to get a backslash
through argument parsing.
REPLACE will replace all occurrences of match_string in the input with
replace_string and store the result in the output.
COMPARE EQUAL/NOTEQUAL/LESS/GREATER will compare the strings and store
true or false in the output variable.
ASCII will convert all numbers into corresponding ASCII characters.
CONFIGURE will transform a string like CONFIGURE_FILE transforms a
file.
TOUPPER/TOLOWER will convert string to upper/lower characters.
LENGTH will return a given string's length.
SUBSTRING will return a substring of a given string.
STRIP will return a substring of a given string with leading and
trailing spaces removed.
RANDOM will return a random string of given length consisting of
characters from the given alphabet. Default length is 5 characters
and default alphabet is all numbers and upper and lower case letters.
If an integer RANDOM_SEED is given, its value will be used to seed the
random number generator.
The following characters have special meaning in regular expressions:
^ Matches at beginning of a line
$ Matches at end of a line
. Matches any single character
[ ] Matches any character(s) inside the brackets
[^ ] Matches any character(s) not inside the brackets
- Matches any character in range on either side of a dash
* Matches preceding pattern zero or more times
+ Matches preceding pattern one or more times
? Matches preceding pattern zero or once only
| Matches a pattern on either side of the |
() Saves a matched subexpression, which can be referenced
in the REGEX REPLACE operation. Additionally it is saved
by all regular expression-related commands, including
e.g. if( MATCHES ), in the variables CMAKE_MATCH_(0..9).
target_link_libraries
Link a target to given libraries.
target_link_libraries(<target> [item1 [item2 [...]]]
[[debug|optimized|general] <item>] ...)
Specify libraries or flags to use when linking a given target. If a
library name matches that of another target in the project a
dependency will automatically be added in the build system to make
sure the library being linked is up-to-date before the target links.
Item names starting with '-', but not '-l' or '-framework', are
treated as linker flags.
A "debug", "optimized", or "general" keyword indicates that the
library immediately following it is to be used only for the
corresponding build configuration. The "debug" keyword corresponds to
the Debug configuration (or to configurations named in the
DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS global property if it is set). The "optimized"
keyword corresponds to all other configurations. The "general"
keyword corresponds to all configurations, and is purely optional
(assumed if omitted). Higher granularity may be achieved for
per-configuration rules by creating and linking to IMPORTED library
targets. See the IMPORTED mode of the add_library command for more
information.
Library dependencies are transitive by default. When this target is
linked into another target then the libraries linked to this target
will appear on the link line for the other target too. See the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES target property to override the set of
transitive link dependencies for a target.
target_link_libraries(<target> LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES
[[debug|optimized|general] <lib>] ...)
The LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES mode appends the libraries to the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES and its per-configuration equivalent target
properties instead of using them for linking. Libraries specified as
"debug" are appended to the the LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES_DEBUG
property (or to the properties corresponding to configurations listed
in the DEBUG_CONFIGURATIONS global property if it is set). Libraries
specified as "optimized" are appended to the the
LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES property. Libraries specified as "general"
(or without any keyword) are treated as if specified for both "debug"
and "optimized".
The library dependency graph is normally acyclic (a DAG), but in the
case of mutually-dependent STATIC libraries CMake allows the graph to
contain cycles (strongly connected components). When another target
links to one of the libraries CMake repeats the entire connected
component. For example, the code
add_library(A STATIC a.c)
add_library(B STATIC b.c)
target_link_libraries(A B)
target_link_libraries(B A)
add_executable(main main.c)
target_link_libraries(main A)
links 'main' to 'A B A B'. (While one repetition is usually
sufficient, pathological object file and symbol arrangements can
require more. One may handle such cases by manually repeating the
component in the last target_link_libraries call. However, if two
archives are really so interdependent they should probably be combined
into a single archive.)
try_compile
Try compiling some code.
try_compile(RESULT_VAR bindir srcdir
projectName <targetname> [CMAKE_FLAGS <Flags>]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE var])
Try compiling a program. In this form, srcdir should contain a
complete CMake project with a CMakeLists.txt file and all sources.
The bindir and srcdir will not be deleted after this command is run.
If <target name> is specified then build just that target otherwise
the all or ALL_BUILD target is built.
try_compile(RESULT_VAR bindir srcfile
[CMAKE_FLAGS <Flags>]
[COMPILE_DEFINITIONS <flags> ...]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE var]
[COPY_FILE <filename> )
Try compiling a srcfile. In this case, the user need only supply a
source file. CMake will create the appropriate CMakeLists.txt file to
build the source. If COPY_FILE is used, the compiled file will be
copied to the given file.
In this version all files in bindir/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp, will be
cleaned automatically, for debugging a --debug-trycompile can be
passed to cmake to avoid the clean. Some extra flags that can be
included are, INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES, LINK_DIRECTORIES, and
LINK_LIBRARIES. COMPILE_DEFINITIONS are -Ddefinition that will be
passed to the compile line. try_compile creates a CMakeList.txt file
on the fly that looks like this:
add_definitions( <expanded COMPILE_DEFINITIONS from calling cmake>)
include_directories(${INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES})
link_directories(${LINK_DIRECTORIES})
add_executable(cmTryCompileExec sources)
target_link_libraries(cmTryCompileExec ${LINK_LIBRARIES})
In both versions of the command, if OUTPUT_VARIABLE is specified, then
the output from the build process is stored in the given variable.
Return the success or failure in RESULT_VAR. CMAKE_FLAGS can be used
to pass -DVAR:TYPE=VALUE flags to the cmake that is run during the
build.
try_run
Try compiling and then running some code.
try_run(RUN_RESULT_VAR COMPILE_RESULT_VAR
bindir srcfile [CMAKE_FLAGS <Flags>]
[COMPILE_DEFINITIONS <flags>]
[COMPILE_OUTPUT_VARIABLE comp]
[RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE run]
[OUTPUT_VARIABLE var]
[ARGS <arg1> <arg2>...])
Try compiling a srcfile. Return TRUE or FALSE for success or failure
in COMPILE_RESULT_VAR. Then if the compile succeeded, run the
executable and return its exit code in RUN_RESULT_VAR. If the
executable was built, but failed to run, then RUN_RESULT_VAR will be
set to FAILED_TO_RUN. COMPILE_OUTPUT_VARIABLE specifies the variable
where the output from the compile step goes. RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE
specifies the variable where the output from the running executable
goes.
For compatibility reasons OUTPUT_VARIABLE is still supported, which
gives you the output from the compile and run step combined.
Cross compiling issues
When cross compiling, the executable compiled in the first step
usually cannot be run on the build host. try_run() checks the
CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING variable to detect whether CMake is in
crosscompiling mode. If that's the case, it will still try to compile
the executable, but it will not try to run the executable. Instead it
will create cache variables which must be filled by the user or by
presetting them in some CMake script file to the values the executable
would have produced if it would have been run on its actual target
platform. These variables are RUN_RESULT_VAR (explanation see above)
and if RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE (or OUTPUT_VARIABLE) was used, an
additional cache variable
RUN_RESULT_VAR__COMPILE_RESULT_VAR__TRYRUN_OUTPUT.This is intended to
hold stdout and stderr from the executable.
In order to make cross compiling your project easier, use try_run only
if really required. If you use try_run, use RUN_OUTPUT_VARIABLE (or
OUTPUT_VARIABLE) only if really required. Using them will require
that when crosscompiling, the cache variables will have to be set
manually to the output of the executable. You can also "guard" the
calls to try_run with if(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING) and provide an
easy-to-preset alternative for this case.
unset
Unset a variable, cache variable, or environment variable.
unset(<variable> [CACHE])
Removes the specified variable causing it to become undefined. If
CACHE is present then the variable is removed from the cache instead
of the current scope.
<variable> can be an environment variable such as:
unset(ENV{LD_LIBRARY_PATH})
in which case the variable will be removed from the current
environment.
variable_watch
Watch the CMake variable for change.
variable_watch(<variable name> [<command to execute>])
If the specified variable changes, the message will be printed about
the variable being changed. If the command is specified, the command
will be executed. The command will receive the following arguments:
COMMAND(<variable> <access> <value> <current list file> <stack>)
while
Evaluate a group of commands while a condition is true
while(condition)
COMMAND1(ARGS ...)
COMMAND2(ARGS ...)
...
endwhile(condition)
All commands between while and the matching endwhile are recorded
without being invoked. Once the endwhile is evaluated, the recorded
list of commands is invoked as long as the condition is true. The
condition is evaluated using the same logic as the if command.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright
Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc., Insight Software Consortium. All rights
reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
Neither the names of Kitware, Inc., the Insight Software Consortium, nor the
names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See Also
The following resources are available to get help using CMake:
Home Page
http://www.cmake.org
The primary starting point for learning about CMake.
Frequently Asked Questions
http://www.cmake.org/Wiki/CMake_FAQ
A Wiki is provided containing answers to frequently asked questions.
Online Documentation
http://www.cmake.org/HTML/Documentation.html
Links to available documentation may be found on this web page.
Mailing List
http://www.cmake.org/HTML/MailingLists.html
For help and discussion about using cmake, a mailing list is provided
at cmake@cmake.org. The list is member-post-only but one may sign up
on the CMake web page. Please first read the full documentation at
http://www.cmake.org before posting questions to the list.
Summary of helpful links:
Home: http://www.cmake.org
Docs: http://www.cmake.org/HTML/Documentation.html
Mail: http://www.cmake.org/HTML/MailingLists.html
FAQ: http://www.cmake.org/Wiki/CMake_FAQ